Information Analyses
To resolve the initial pair of research concerns about the prevalence of nonheterosexual product on television, we utilized episode-level information ( e.g., percentages of episodes containing same-sex intimate behavior and containing speak about intercourse pertaining to nonheterosexuals) and chi-square analyses to look at between-group distinctions with your nominal information. When it comes to 2nd pair of research questions, we utilized just those indicates that contained nonheterosexual intimate content and evaluated their regularity across 2-minute periods ( e.g., amount of intervals per hour of system time with nonheterosexual sexual talk). Of these analyses, we utilized t-tests or analysis of variance (ANOVA) to check group distinctions. Significant omnibus F-tests had been followed up with post hoc comparisons making use of Tamhane’s T2 test, which will not assume equal cellular size or equal variance, to determine significant distinctions across teams.
Outcomes
Prevalence of Nonheterosexual Sexual Information
About one in six programs inside our samples included any content that is sexualbehavior or talk) regarding nonheterosexuals. dining Table 1 shows the portion of demonstrates that contained any same-sex behavior that is sexual any intimate talk linked to nonheterosexuals by system genres, by form of system, and also by period of day aired. For system kind, the 11 channels were categorized into certainly one of three groups: commercial broadcast (including the 3 major companies ABC, CBS, and NBC in addition to Fox, UPN, and WB), cable music activity (including BET and MTV), and premium cable movie (which included Cinemax, HBO, and Showtime). With regards to period of broadcast, were classified as prime-time day.
Dining Table 1
Note: Within types of system and time of day aired, percentages into the column that is same do not share subscripts vary at p Table 1 ). More often than not, there was clearly a higher amount of communication from a genre’s general ranks for same-sex behavior that is sexual speak about nonheterosexual intimate dilemmas. Also, genres’ standings on these two factors had been fairly stable over the two tv periods.
Three genres had been regularly lower in both kinds of nonheterosexual sexual content: Children’s cartoons (none of which included behavior that is intimate sexual talk linked to nonheterosexuals either in year), news mags . 3 Genres that tended to own the best proportions of programs with nonheterosexual content had been variety/comedy and component movie. Made-for-TV films and programs classified as “other” additionally had reasonably high proportions with nonheterosexual intimate content; but, both these groups included only a small amount of programs ), which makes it tough to draw conclusions about them. Consequently, although we consist of these second two genres into the tables, we usually do not emphasize the findings related to them.
Network-type evaluations
Note: Within types of community and time of day aired, means when you look at the column that is same don’t share subscripts vary at p 1 For ease of presentation, we make use of the term “nonheterosexual” to refer collectively to any or all people whose intimate orientation is certainly not solely heterosexual, including gay men, lesbians, and bisexuals of either intercourse.
2 one other behavior that is sexual had been used to capture all the kinds of sexual activities that failed to fall under the categories specified flirting, kissing, intimate touching, sexual 
activity implied, and sexual activity depicted including low-level intimate functions such as for instance leering to high-level intimate functions such as for example masturbation and bondage and control.
4 Because our examples include programs from both commercial broadcast and cable systems, we utilized a regular product quantity of 2-minute periods per hour of system time instead of wide range of 2-minute periods per 1-hour show to assess the regularity of intimate behavior and speak about sex regarding nonheterosexuals. This makes up the fact commercials significantly lessen the amount of program content on broadcast networks to about 22 two-minute periods in a program that is one-hour whereas 1-hour cable programs routinely have about 30 two-minute periods.